Countersinking and dimpling towers

With all the match drilling done on the gear towers, next it’s time to do a bunch of countersinking and dimpling. Actually, I get to do a lot more dimpling here than the plans specify thanks to my removable cover mod, since I’m using flush screws there.

Most of the countersinking per the plans is on the right gear tower. All the rivets on the forward side get flush rivets; from what I can tell from the plans, this is because the rear wall of the forward baggage area rests against the gear tower. There are also some nutplates on the forward side, which I imagine are also related to the baggage compartment. Anyhoo, lots of countersinking:

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Next I moved on to dimpling the tower cover and the dubbers I fabricated. Here I realized that I’d made a slight error when making those doublers. When I laid out the screw hole locations, I neglected to leave room for mounting the nutplates:

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This isn’t really a huge deal though, because there are single-side nutplates available, as seen here:

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Problem is, I only have a couple of those on hand. They came with the kit and will presumably be needed dow the road, but I don’t have enough anyway. Which means I get to order more stuff from Spruce. I’m pretty sure I’ll end up paying as much for shipping as for the actual parts, but that’s the way things go, I guess. Kind of makes me wonder: out of all the money poured into an RV build, how much of that was repetitive shipping costs from places like Spruce? Probably more than anyone wants to consider…

Anyway, then I moved on the dimpling the covers themselves. The fun thing about this is that the large screw dimples also warp the material, so after dimpling I get to flatten the material out again. It was mildly annoying on the doublers, but slightly more obnoxious on the covers:

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Finally, I dug out my #8 screw countersink bit and countersunk the angles to fit under the dimples on the cover:

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The only thing really remaining on these parts is to drill and countersink all the nutplate holes for the covers. Maybe I can get that done tomorrow night.

Posted in Fuselage | Hours Logged: 1.5

Left gear tower modification and match drilling

Tonight I just caught the left tower up to where I got the right tower on Sunday; cutting the face into three sections, fitting and drilling the doublers, then finally clecoing everything together and getting everything match drilled.

The whole thing clecoed together:

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Detail of the upper doubler (the photo isn’t crooked, there’s a slight angle to the cut here):

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Posted in Fuselage | Hours Logged: 1.5

Priming, right gear tower modification

As mentioned last night, today’s weather was gorgeous, so my main objective was to get the parts for the forward floor and cooling ramp primed. But that took hardly any time at all, so I spent most of the day working on the right gear tower. I’m modifying my towers, as many other builders have, by making part of the tower face removable. There’s quite a bit of work that has to be done inside these towers, from riveting stuff together in the near term to routing fuel lines and torquing gear bolts in the long term. Normally, all of that work would have to be done working through the lightening holes – not a fun prospect.

The basic idea for this mod is the cut the tower face into three sections, making the center section into the removable cover. The existing rivet holes are drilled up to #19 for #8 flush screws, and doublers are fabricated to allow for nutplates at the top and bottom of the cover.

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Here, I’ve marked the cut lines on the right tower face. My initial plan was to make the cuts using a special thin cutoff wheel in my Dremel, so as to minimize removed material, which would leave a gap between the pieces later on. But that didn’t work out to well; the wheel kept binding in the cut, and about the third time this happened, the flexible shaft I as using snapped. Can’t really make these cuts without that shaft, so this was a problem. But after making a test cut in scrap with the bandsaw and comparing, the amount of kerf was essentially identical between the cutoff wheel and the bandsaw. So I just did the rest of the cutting with the bandsaw.

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Cut are now finished. To the left is the top of the gear tower. The center piece will be the removable plate, and the right piece will be concealed behind the inner gear weldment.

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All three pieces clecoed to the corner angles so I can fab and fit the doublers.

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Doublers fabbed from .040 alclad and marked for initial rivet holes.

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Rivet holes done and match-drilled to the tower face sections, time to fit the cover plate.

After clecoing the cover plate on, I clecoed the entire tower structure together and match drilled all of the holes, then drilled the cover plate holes out to #19 for the screws. I meant to take a photo of the assembly, but I forgot until I’d already torn everything apart and started deburring, so all I have is a picture of a pile of parts:

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I still need to dimple/countersink a bunch of stuff, in addition to drilling all the nutplates for the cover attachment. And then I have to repeat all of this for the left tower. 

Posted in Fuselage | Hours Logged: 6

Forward floor and cooling ramp prep

Didn’t get out and working until late in the afternoon today, but I did do my first solo tailwheel flight this morning, so it was still a good day. I started out by continuing prep work on the forward floor that I’d clecoed together last night. Basically just a bunch of match drilling, deburring, dimpling, countersinking. Once again I got carried away while dimpling the skin. Only some of the holes get dimpled for flush rivets, but I got in the groove with the C-frame and at some point abruptly realized I’d dimpled five holes that weren’t supposed to be dimpled. At least dimples can be flattened, unlike countersinks which have no such “undo” potential.

Clearly this is something I’m going to have to work on with the fuselage; slowing down a bit and taking care with what I’m doing. To avoid a repeat of my countersink error from the firewall, I made sure to mark the floor braces so I could see the limits of what needed to be countersunk:

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With all the forward floor parts prepped and ready for primer, I moved on to the cooling ramp. This is a simple assembly, just a skin piece and two stiffeners. Except first you have to find the (fairly small) stiffeners in a giant pile of parts. I dug around for a solid 20 minutes before I got so frustrated that I decided to cleco together the gear towers instead. (my flimsy rationale for this was that maybe I’d find the stiffeners while setting out the gear tower parts)

These things are pretty sizable:

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Surprisingly enough, my tactic worked, and after finishing with the towers I found the stiffeners in short order. The first thing to do on the ramp is to trim the skin a bit. And here is another one of those “why wasn’t this just made like this from the factory” moments. Beats me.

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Then it was another round of clecoing stuff together, match drilling, deburring, dimpling, etc.

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And now I have a pile of parts ready for primer tomorrow. I guess I’ll actually do some work on the gear towers tomorrow too in between priming and so forth.

Posted in Fuselage | Hours Logged: 4.5

Firewall dimpling & countersinking

Started out tonight by breaking out the C-frame and dimpling most of the rivet holes in the firewall. All these holes will get flush rivets on the forward side. There are a handful of the holes that don’t get dimpled, though; four of them are where a spacer sits on the forward side, and the rest are where two nutplates sit on the forward side. Next I moved on to countersinking all the firewall angles to match those dimpled holes. This went well, except for the part where I countersunk one hole too many:

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Yup, that’s one of those holes that doesn’t get dimpled, so it shouldn’t be countersunk on the angle either. Welp, another piece for the scrap bin.

After wrapping up all the countersinking, I set the firewall aside – no more work on that until I get the replacement part from Van’s. So I moved on to the next step, which is the fuselage floor. All I really intended to do was to gather the parts and cleco them together, but once again, it took forever to find some of the parts. But I finally found them, and here’s that assembly clecoed together:

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And that’s all for tonight.

Posted in Fuselage | Hours Logged: 2.5

Replaced flap hinges

Got in my stuff from Spruce today, including the length of P4 hinge I needed to replace the inboard wing-side hinge halves. The replacement was slightly more complicated than one might expect, mainly because as delivered, the P4 hinge is actually a bit too wide to use as-is. The portion of the flap brace that nests with the skin is pretty short, which limited the space for the hinge to sit on. So I actually ended up trimming the new hinge at a slight angle to account for the flap also being at a slight angle to the wing.

Marked for trimming:

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Doing the actual drilling was pretty simple, though, much better than the initial drilling. Since I was only replacing the inboard half of the hinge, I could leave the outboard half in place and let that keep the flap aligned. I didn’t even take the wings out of the cradle for this, just removed the bad hinge half, attached the new half with the hinge pin, clamped the inboard end in place, and did my drilling. Then I pulled the new hinge half, double-checked edge distances, deburred, and reinstalled.

Now I can really and truly focus on the fuselage!

Posted in Flaps, Wings | Hours Logged: 1.5

Deburred/bent firewall

Short session tonight, mostly cause I’m tired. I pulled all the angle/reinforcement pieces back off the firewall again, deburring the rivet holes as I went. Nest up was deburring the rivet holes in the firewall itself. Most of these – that is, the prepunched holes I match drilled –  were pretty straightforward, but the 1/4” holes I drilled for the rudder mounts were truly ugly. I’m not even sure you can call what I had on those holes a burr, it was more like a lip. So instead of just hitting those with the deburring tool, I manually sanded them down the the Dremel and flap wheel, ran the 1/4” bit through them again to ensure they were still sized OK, and finished the the deburring bit.

The last order of business was to put a required bend in the firewall. The upper portion is bent eight degrees forward, I believe to facilitate a better fit with the cowling. The instructions are pretty useful here, providing a good method. I used my digital level to gauge the bend, which was really easy. Compared to the aluminum sheet I’m used to bending, the stainless is pretty soft and doesn’t have a lot of springback. It was pretty easy to get an acceptable bend:

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Next up is a whole bunch of dimpling and countersinking. Seems like this firewall assembly should be together in no time!

Posted in Fuselage | Hours Logged: 1.5

Firewall prep and match drilling

While I’m waiting on my stuff from Spruce to arrive so I can red rill the inboard flap hinges, I went back to work on the firewall. Most of my time tonight was spent deburring all the angles and stuff; the angles themselves are pretty complex, with lots of little nooks and crannies, so they were a bit tedious. And then there was smoothing the edges on the firewall itself. That piece is stainless steel and that stuff is kind of tough. I used a brand-new flap wheel in the Dremel and the wheel was pretty much toast by the time I was done.

Then I clecoed all the angles, engine mount weldments, and reinforcements in place, and went to town match drilling. The match drilling went pretty well; I was expecting it to be tough based on how tough the deburring was. That gave me a bit of a false sense of security; the next task was to drill two 1/4” holes through the firewall, which will presumably be used for mounting the adjustable rudder pedal assembly. Turns out there’s a big difference between slightly enlarging an existing hole and making a new (and large) one from scratch. Even using lots of lube, it took some time to get through the stainless.

Here’s the firewall assembly after match drilling:

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Tomorrow I get to take all that apart again and do lots and lots more deburring…I bet deburring the stainless is going to be fun too. I wonder if I have spare deburring bits around, I might need a new one after tomorrow!

Posted in Fuselage | Hours Logged: 2.5

Hung both flaps temporarily

Wasn’t quite as productive as I’d hoped to be today, thanks to other stuff to do around the house, but I still managed to wrap up work on the flaps. Well, almost…more on that later.

This time, we flipped the left wing out of the cradle and onto the workbench. Lined everything up, clamped the flap in place, and went to town drilling. All in all, it went pretty quickly, as things always seem to do the second time around. I didn’t get any photos of the process this time, but I did take some gratuitous garage dog photos, so you get to enjoy those:

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After finishing up the drilling and getting the wing back in the cradle, I cut and bent the hinge pins for the left flap, then moved on to installing the nutplates for the hinge pin retainer clips. Pretty straightforward stuff, though working with the flap brace in place made access interesting. I tried one solid rivet on the first nutplate, had it go badly, and summarily decided to use flush blind rivets instead:

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Unfortunately, I ran into a problem here. When I removed the wing-side hinge halves from each wing, I found that the rivet holes on the inboard end did not have sufficient edge distance. With the flap aligned to the aileron, there’s a very slight angle between it and the wing, so the rivet holes slightly crooked on the hinge, and they’re closest at the inboard end. I need to have 3/16” edge distance here (from the center of the hole), and I’m significantly under that. The calipers in this photo are set to 3/16”, showing the issue:

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This seems to be a common issue for builders; my bit of research ran across lots of instances. It’s common enough that there’s an accepted solution: replace the hinge half with a wider piece. The provided hinge material is 1.25” wide, so I’ll just order some 1.5” material. About the only downside is that it’ll probably be too wide to fit inside the flap brace, so I expect I’ll have to trim it some. I’ve been meaning to start up an Aircraft Spruce wish list for a while now, looks like I’ll be making my first order sooner than I thought.

Anyway, despite the hinges being subpar, I clecoed them back in place and went ahead and mounted both flaps. Mainly this is just for storage purposes; seems better than finding somewhere to lay them:

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So I guess I’ll get back to work on the firewall until I get some goodies from Spruce.

Posted in Flaps, Wings | Hours Logged: 3.5

Garage cleanup, right flap mounting

As alluded to yesterday, the garage was in a horrible state after the whole right flap fiasco. Even in the best of times I have a tendency to just leave tools out as I finish up with them, even when I quit of the day. (“in case I need them again later”) It’s even more pronounced when things don’t go well; I used lots of various tools while dealing with the right flap issues, and they were all left strewn about. I’d also been meaning to do a larger-scale garage cleanup and reorganization, oriented towards getting things laid out to make room for fuselage work. Since the weather had turned nice by noon, I opened the garage door, rolled the wings out in the driveway, and got to work cleaning up.

The new arrangement puts the wings out of the way in one corner, with the second workbench up against another wall. The first workbench still lives out in the open, but even so, that leaves the major it of one garage bay wide open for whatever I’m working on at any time:IMG 5710

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The cleanup took a few hours, and once it was done, I shut the garage for, turned on the A/C, and went inside for a bit to cool off. It was already up in the high 80s today…gotta love Houston. Once I got back to work, I started planning on how to get the flaps hung. The first thing I needed to do was to take the wing side hinge half for each flap and remove a couple eyes in the middle, where the hinges are split. This setup will result in each flap having two hinge pins, which will be removed towards the center of the flap.

The scrap bits I cut out of those hinge halves got turned into the clips that will retain the ends of the hinge pin pairs. Each retainer is just two pieces of hinge material riveted together, with a center hole where the retainer will attach to the flap brace. More on how this works later…

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Next, I clecoed the bottom skins onto the right wing. These are needed to position the flap brace correctly, which is in turn necessary to drill the hinge properly. The fun part here is that the flap brace doesn’t quite naturally line up with the trailing edge of the skin; it has to be pulled into place slightly when clecoing the two parts together. Problem is, the brace and the skin can’t be clecoed together while drilling the hinge half, since the hinge is drilled in assembly with that same joint. I’d been worrying over how to get this done for a couple weeks, but in the end I hit upon a decent solution. Since I’m doing the split hinge approach, there’s one rivet hole, roughly in the center of the flap, that won’t have the hinge attached to it. So I put a cleco in that hole, which gave me a starting point for aligning all the parts later on:

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Next, I got Josie to come out and help me move the right wing onto a workbench, top side down. I put my aileron alignment jig in place and got the aileron in the neutral position, then clamped on a piece of angle to help align the flap and aileron trailing edges. There’s also a wooden spacer attached to the end of the aileron to help get the proper spacing (1/4”) between the two pieces:

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Then we got the flap lined up in place, clamped it in the center and at the inboard end (about the only places where there’s access to do so), checked the alignment several times, and then I got to drilling. As per usual when drilling hinge like this, I put a cleco in each hole as I went. This also helped to gradually pull the flap brace in alignment as I worked down from the center to each end

Everything drilled and clecoed:

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Then I pulled the hinge pin, removed and set aside the flap, and we put the wing back into the cradle. I wasn’t quite ready to quit for the night, so I decided to go ahead and make the hinge pins for the right flap. This was just a bit of trial and error, cutting to length, tapering the ends, bending for proper fit, etc. I finished up by taking a photo with one of the retainer clips loosely in place. Obviously, in practice this clip would be screwed into the flap brace to secure the pins. I’ll deal with drilling that screw hole and mounting the nutplate some other time; I just wanted to illustrate the setup:

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And that really was a good stopping point. Tomorrow we should be able to get the left flap mounted as well, and I’ll probably get the retainer nutplates mounted as well. Pretty soon I’ll be moving on to the fuselage full-time!

Posted in Flaps, Wings | Hours Logged: 5